This is a fair example of a question that can be simplified by the application of a “50-50” filter.
Our move is to discard “yes” or “no” options. But instead of attempting to refute each option separately, we aim to refute a whole category.
Tailoring means aligning the project management method with organization’s policies and procedures. In consequence, the right answer will (in all probability) start with a “yes”. Now our task is reduced to identifying the refutable option among the two that start with a “yes” – and discarding it.
A – seems to make sense. At least, no obvious disproving arguments come to mind.
B – includes two statements. “Yes” is one, and an explanation for it is the other. The second statement is true, but it corresponds to the “managing by stages” principle. It means that the second statement contradicts the first one thus making the option as such wrong.
Which leaves option A as the right answer.
To stay on the safe side it always remains a good idea to quickly check out also the two discarded “no” options. Just in case we erred when making the 50-50 decision.
C – is wrong. From the perspective of the PRINCE2 method, effective project management requires producing information in a format that suites an organisation’s culture. Full stop. In particular, investment of effort is not addressed by PRINCE2 since it is not one of six performance targets (cost, time, quality, scope, benefit, risk).
D – once again, this option includes two statements, “No” and its explanation. The second statement answers a question that corresponds to the “manage by exception” principle and not the “tailor to suit the project” principle. Besides, the “manage by exception” principle does not remove the need for meetings, it just provides for efficient use of senior management time. The second statement thus contradicts the first one making the option as such wrong.
The use of the “Gumshoe technique” is, of course, not limited to helping you pass PRINCE2 exams.
As I mentioned above, disconfirmation belongs to broader project management best practice. And the world beyond.
Feel free to apply abductive reasoning and the disconfirmation method also in both your professional and private life.
Results may surprise you no end.